Safety Nets, Politics and the Poor1994

In this book, Carol Graham argues that safety nets can provide an environment in which economic reform is more politically sustainable and poverty can be permanently reduced. However, these two objectives frequently involve trade-offs, as vocal and organized opponents to reform often concern governments far more than the poor do. These organized and less vulnerable groups tend to place heavy demands on the scarce resources available to governments at times of economic crisis.

Governments that fail to address the social costs of reform, meanwhile, often face popular opposition that jeopardizes or even derails the entire market transition.

The author examines these trade-offs in detail, with a particular focus on how political and institutional contexts affect the kinds of safety nets that...